Fascism+in+Italy+and+Germany

Shivani Katbamna

= Compare the rise to power of fascism in Italy and Germany. = ﻿﻿Thesis: Fascism in Italy and Nazism, a form of Fascism, in Germany, both sought to control the lives of their citizens and used propoganda to indoctrinate the masses into conforming to their policies.

I. What were the factors that caused Fascism to come about in Italy? II. Ideals of Fascism in Italy
 * Italy in debt from WWI
 * Inflation greatly affected middle-class
 * high unemployment
 * parliamentary paralysis-politicians corrupt
 * middle class worried that communists or socialists would come to power-they turned to Fascists as an alternative
 * A totalitarian regime
 * Grew out of rightist views and encouraged nationalistic feelings.
 * Use of propoganda and media
 * Developed Fascist organizations to indoctrinate the masses
 * OVRA- secret police force
 * Attempted to control all aspects if the citizens' lives
 * Gold medals given to women who had many children

III. Mussolini IV. Fascists Slogans
 * March 1919: Mussolini formed the Fascist Party
 * Fascio di Combattimento (League of Combat)- first Fascist movement
 * Private army known as Squadristi ("Black Shirts")
 * Mussolini known as "Il Duce"
 * Frightened government of King Victor Emmanuel III into giving Fascists power
 * Mussolini marched into Rome, claiming that Fascists gained power by force (bluff)
 * October 1922, Mussolini made prime minister of Italy
 * 1926: Mussolini est. Fascist dictatorship
 * Ruled through violence: murdered opponents, crushed political parties,censored press
 * Persecuted Italian Jews
 * Failed war attempts in Libya, Egypt, and Greece- Hitler bailed out Italy
 * Italy immersed in Civil War- Mussolini murdered enemies
 * Lateran Accords: Mussolini recognized the independence of Vatican City- Catholic Church supported Fascist regime
 * "You can make people believe anything."
 * "Mussolini is always right."
 * "Fascism is totalitarian, and the Fascist State, the synthesis and unity of all values, interprets, develops, and gives strength to the whole life of the people."
 * "book and musket-the perfect Fascist."
 * "Women into the home."

V. What caused Nazism to come about in Germany?
 * Democratic state known as Weimar Republic est.
 * Inflation
 * Great Depression
 * Middle class grew hostile towards Weimar Republic-supported rightist parties
 * Economic difficulties
 * Anti-Semitic views
 * Nazis could not overthrow gov. by force- went about it through constitutional means
 * Mass propoganda
 * Twisted psychology
 * Focus on the Youth (encouraged youth and indoctrinated them into thinking Nazism was a 'young man's movement' )