humanism

** Humanism by Jacky Modiano **  I. Christian or Northern Renaissance Humanism  A. Replaced ethical content of classics w/ Christian ethics  B. Felt education through classical (esp. Christian) antiquity could instill strong devotion to God to bring reforms of church and society  a. To instill inner piety (religious feeling)  C. Thought simple religion they found in early Christian writings had been distorted by theological arguments of the middle ages  D. Mastered Greek language to read Greek New Testament  E. Also mastered Hebrew to read original Old Testament  F. Christian Humanists wanted jobs as teachers and scholars  a. Opposed by the theologians in the universities  G. Northern humanists became secretaries to kings, princes, and cities  II. Erasmus  A. Most influential of all humanists  B. Wanted everyone to be able to practice religion  C. Thought Christianity should be returned to simplicity (like teachings of Christ)  D. Wrote // Adages // <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1.75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo3; text-indent: -0.25in;"> a. Anthology of proverbs from classics <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -0.25in;"> E. Also wrote // Handbook of the Christian Knight // <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1.75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo3; text-indent: -0.25in;"> a. Emphasized inner piety, deemphasized outside forms of religion <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -0.25in;"> F. Criticized the abuses of the church in // Praise of the Folly // <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1.75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo3; text-indent: -0.25in;"> a. Satire <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1.75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo3; text-indent: -0.25in;"> b. Showed church’s corruption <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.5in;"> III. More <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -0.25in;"> A. Most famous for his book // Utopia // a. utopian society based on communal ownership instead of private property b. replace power and fame with cooperation and reason