Age+of+Exploration

Drew Davis

__New Inventions and Organizations__
 * Prince Henry founded school for navigators
 * portolani - detailed charts by medieal navigators and mathmeticians
 * axial rudder
 * combine lateen sails with square rig
 * compass and astrolabe

__Motives for exploring__
 * Convert natives to Catholicism; religious zeal
 * gold and other precious stones
 * new trade routes
 * spices
 * grandeur and glory
 * intellectual curiosity
 * spirit of adventure
 * encomienda
 * feel rich among natives
 * Treaty of Tordesillas - divided newly discovered world into Portuguese and Spanish spheres of influence; Portugal gets east and Spanish gets West

__People and their achievements__
 * Portueguese:
 * Bartholomeu Dias first to round Cape of Good Hope but returned home fearing mutiny from crew
 * Vasco de Gama rounded cape and stopped at several Muslim merchant controlled ports then crossed Arabian sea and reached India
 * Admirail Alfonso de Albuquerque set up port facilities at Gao, India and Malacca
 * Pedro Cabral first to discover South America
 * Spanish:
 * Christopher Colombus reached Bahamas, Cuba, and Hispaniola
 * Cortes landed at Veracruz and marched to Tenochtitlan; destroyed natives pyramids and homes
 * Pizarro went to Peruvian Andes where the Incas were and took over city
 * Balboa led expedition across Panama to reach Pacific Ocean
 * Magellan first to circumnavigate world; sailed under South America tip and across Pacific Ocean to Philippines where he died by natives
 * English:
 * John Cabot explored New England Coastline